2013年7月13日，俄罗斯Sheremetyevo机场。斯诺登会见人权组织现场的照片。旁边分别是WikiLeak的法律顾问（右1）及翻译（右3）。

 

中文翻译

 

嗨，我叫斯诺登。一个多月前，我和家人在一起，住在天堂般的地方，过得很舒服。

 

那时，我可以不需任何授权，搜索、截取、阅读你的通信信息 —— 你在任何时间的通信信息。这是一种能改变你命运的能力，却也是对法律的严重侵犯。我国宪法第四和第五修正案、世界人权宣言第12条、以及众多法规和条约都明令禁止如此大规模、无处不在的监视。可是，虽然宪法将这样的行为列为非法，我国政府却争辩说：因为有一个不为公众所知的秘密法庭的约束，这种非法行为在一定程度上是合法的。可是，这种通过秘密法庭进行约束的方法从根本上违背了追求正义最基本的原则 —— 正义只有被看到，才可能会实现。不道德的行为无法通过秘密法庭的约束变成有道德的行为。

 

我深信1945年纽伦堡审判时提到的原则：“每个人对人类都负有义务，而且，这种义务超越他/她对自己国家的义务。因此，当本国法律造成危害世界和平与人类的罪行发生时，一个人应不惜违背本国法律，防止罪行发生。这是每个人义不容辞的责任。”

 

据此，我做了我认为正确的事，掀起了一场纠正这种错误监视行为的运动。我并不想为自己赢得什么，我也没有出卖国家机密。我没有与任何外国政府交易，以获得自己的安全。我只是把我知道的告诉公众，让这些影响我们所有人的事情，大白天日，能够被我们讨论。我向这个世界寻求的，只是正义。

 

我公开影响我们所有人的间谍活动的行为，已经让我付出了高昂的代价，但我认为这是正确的，我无怨无悔。

 

从我向公众揭露真相的那一刻起，我国的政府和情报部门就试图拿我开刀，以警告那些可能会象我一样说出真相的人。仅仅因为我政治上的表达，我被剥夺国籍，受到跨国追捕。政府把我列入禁飞名单，要求香港在自己法律框架外将我遣返回国，这直接违反了联合国法律中的“不遣返原则”。我国政府也已经对那些本来会帮助我维护自身权利、支持联合国政治避难体系的国家发出了制裁威胁。它甚至采取前所未有的手段，命令其军事盟国迫降一位拉美国家总统的专机，搜索一个政治难民。这些危险的、步步升级的手段，不仅是对拉美国家尊严的侵犯，也是对每一个人、每一个国家都应该享有的、在迫害中寻求避难、从而得以自由生活的人类基本权利的威胁。

 

可是，即使在这种前无古人、极度偏执的迫害面前，还是有国家为我提供支持和避难。这些国家包括俄罗斯、委内瑞拉、玻利维亚、尼加拉瓜和厄瓜多尔。他们挺身而出、反对由世界上最强大国家执行的侵犯人权的行为，为此，我向他们表示感谢和敬意。他们不畏恫吓、拒绝在原则问题上妥协，已经赢得了整个世界的尊重。我打算前往所有这五个国家，亲自表达我对他们人民和领导人的感谢。

 

今天，我正式宣布我接受所有已有的和将来的支持或庇护。因此，例如，根据委内瑞拉总统马杜罗给予我的政治避难许可，我已正式成为“政治难民”。因此，任何国家都不能限制或干涉我实现避难。然而，正如我们所看到的，西欧和北美的一些政府已经展现了法外行事的意图，而且这种行事方式现在仍在继续。这些非法威胁使我不可能飞赴拉美，进行避难，而这本来是我们大家都享有的基本权利。

 

这些强国试图超越法律的意图，已经威胁到了我们所有人，必须挫败。在这里，我请求你们帮助我从有关国家获得安全通过的保证，使我能够到达拉美。我也请求俄罗斯提供政治避难，直至这些相关国家遵守法律，允许我合法旅行。我今天将向俄罗斯提交申请，希望它会被接受。

 

如果大家有任何问题，我将回答我所能回答的。

 

英文原文：

 

Statement by Edward Snowden to human rights groups at Moscow’s Sheremetyevo airport

 

Friday July 12, 15:00 UTC

 

Edward Joseph Snowden delivered a statement to human rights organizations and individuals at Sheremetyevo airport at 5pm Moscow time today, Friday 12th July. The meeting lasted 45 minutes. The human rights organizations included Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch and were given the opportunity afterwards to ask Mr Snowden questions. The Human Rights Watch representative used this opportunity to tell Mr Snowden that on her way to the airport she had received a call from the US Ambassador to Russia, who asked her to relay to Mr Snowden that the US Government does not categorise Mr Snowden as a whistleblower and that he has broken United States law. This further proves the United States Government’s persecution of Mr Snowden and therefore that his right to seek and accept asylum should be upheld. Seated to the left of Mr. Snowden was Sarah Harrison, a legal advisor in this matter from WikiLeaks and to Mr. Snowden’s right, a translator.

 

Transcript of Edward Joseph Snowden statement, given at 5pm Moscow time on Friday 12th July 2013. (Transcript corrected to delivery)

 

Hello. My name is Ed Snowden. A little over one month ago, I had family, a home in paradise, and I lived in great comfort. I also had the capability without any warrant to search for, seize, and read your communications. Anyone’s communications at any time. That is the power to change people’s fates.

 

It is also a serious violation of the law. The 4th and 5th Amendments to the Constitution of my country, Article 12 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and numerous statutes and treaties forbid such systems of massive, pervasive surveillance. While the US Constitution marks these programs as illegal, my government argues that secret court rulings, which the world is not permitted to see, somehow legitimize an illegal affair. These rulings simply corrupt the most basic notion of justice – that it must be seen to be done. The immoral cannot be made moral through the use of secret law.

 

I believe in the principle declared at Nuremberg in 1945: "Individuals have international duties which transcend the national obligations of obedience. Therefore individual citizens have the duty to violate domestic laws to prevent crimes against peace and humanity from occurring."

 

Accordingly, I did what I believed right and began a campaign to correct this wrongdoing. I did not seek to enrich myself. I did not seek to sell US secrets. I did not partner with any foreign government to guarantee my safety. Instead, I took what I knew to the public, so what affects all of us can be discussed by all of us in the light of day, and I asked the world for justice.

 

That moral decision to tell the public about spying that affects all of us has been costly, but it was the right thing to do and I have no regrets.

 

Since that time, the government and intelligence services of the United States of America have attempted to make an example of me, a warning to all others who might speak out as I have. I have been made stateless and hounded for my act of political expression. The United States Government has placed me on no-fly lists. It demanded Hong Kong return me outside of the framework of its laws, in direct violation of the principle of non-refoulement – the Law of Nations. It has threatened with sanctions countries who would stand up for my human rights and the UN asylum system. It has even taken the unprecedented step of ordering military allies to ground a Latin American president’s plane in search for a political refugee. These dangerous escalations represent a threat not just to the dignity of Latin America, but to the basic rights shared by every person, every nation, to live free from persecution, and to seek and enjoy asylum.

 

Yet even in the face of this historically disproportionate aggression, countries around the world have offered support and asylum. These nations, including Russia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Nicaragua, and Ecuador have my gratitude and respect for being the first to stand against human rights violations carried out by the powerful rather than the powerless. By refusing to compromise their principles in the face of intimidation, they have earned the respect of the world. It is my intention to travel to each of these countries to extend my personal thanks to their people and leaders.

 

I announce today my formal acceptance of all offers of support or asylum I have been extended and all others that may be offered in the future. With, for example, the grant of asylum provided by Venezuela’s President Maduro, my asylee status is now formal, and no state has a basis by which to limit or interfere with my right to enjoy that asylum. As we have seen, however, some governments in Western European and North American states have demonstrated a willingness to act outside the law, and this behavior persists today. This unlawful threat makes it impossible for me to travel to Latin America and enjoy the asylum granted there in accordance with our shared rights.

 

This willingness by powerful states to act extra-legally represents a threat to all of us, and must not be allowed to succeed. Accordingly, I ask for your assistance in requesting guarantees of safe passage from the relevant nations in securing my travel to Latin America, as well as requesting asylum in Russia until such time as these states accede to law and my legal travel is permitted. I will be submitting my request to Russia today, and hope it will be accepted favorably.

 

If you have any questions, I will answer what I can.

 

Thank you.

 

参考链接: 

 

1) 财新网斯诺登专题

 

2) BoingBoing斯诺登机场见面会现场信息汇总

 

3) RT 斯诺登事件全程直播

 

4) 斯诺登机场声明WikiLeak原文链接